Test 1 interaktívny

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Task 1

Decide which word/phrase best fits each space. You will see the alternatives by clicking on the grey parts.

Trouble Sleeping

If you have been feeling tired, drowsy, irritable and emotionally imbalanced lately, you may not be getting enough sleep or the quality of your sleep might be low. If this is the case, you 1. will have had would have will have would have had a lot of trouble concentrating while working, studying or driving. What is a normal amount of sleep varies depending on our age, health and lifestyle. Newborn children sleep as many as eighteen hours a day. Toddlers need about twelve hours, school children need ten hours, and adults 2. in below above on average should get at least eight hours of sleep each night. Researchers have found that total sleep time 3. decreases recedes descends falls with age significantly. Although old people still need at least 7.5 hours of sleep, it is more difficult for them to get a good night’s sleep. They wake up frequently at night. It takes them longer to fall 4. sleeping asleep slept sleep and their sleep is shallow. These changes may be caused by hormonal factors; as we 5. age were ageing are aged ages our bodies secrete less melatonin which has an impact on both the length and the quality of sleep. The state of our health also interferes 6. to with in for sleep. Some diseases bring pain, breathing problems or anxiety which can be 7. disturbed disturb disturbing disturbingly . Taking various medications, which increases with age, may also cause sleep difficulties.

Another key factor that influences nightly rest is our lifestyle. In other words, 8. as unless whether when our sleep is satisfying or not depends on our daily routine. Fortunately, we ourselves can 9. do make take get some changes to improve the quality of our sleep. First, try to keep a regular schedule, that is, go to bed and get up at the same time every day. 10. Staying up Staying in Staying on Staying away late at weekends or taking long naps during the day is not a good idea 11. but while though because it breaks your sleep schedule. Second, the environment we sleep in is important. Noises such as traffic, loud neighbours and barking dogs disrupt sleep. If possible, 12. belittle reduce drop lessen any noise coming into the bedroom. Make sure that there is an appropriate temperature in your room and your bed is comfortable. Third, try to relax before you go to bed. Do not watch any 13. intensive fierce heated violent movies and do not listen to bad news on the radio. Read a nice book, read a magazine, listen to music, take a shower, or practise some 14. relaxed relaxing relaxation relax techniques. Avoid doing anything that requires a lot of thinking or decision making. Keep 15. all every each whole the problems that you cannot solve out of your bedroom. Remember: there is no reason to worry about things you cannot control. Fourth, do not eat fatty and 16. weighty difficult heavy severe foods before bedtime. Your stomach needs a rest as well. 17. Whereas Since But Though many people believe that alcohol helps them sleep well, they are wrong. Alcohol consumption disrupts the duration and quality of sleep. If you 18. took have taken had taken will take the steps mentioned above, and your sleeping problems still persist, you may be suffering from a sleeping disorder. You must go to see a specialist who will give you adequate 19. advice advices advise advises . He will have to diagnose the type of disorder first and then he will be able to decide how to treat it. Since pills have numerous 20. adjacent side neighbouring related effects, they should only be taken as a last resort for sleeping problems.

Adapted from https://www.helpguide.org/articles/sleep/getting-better-sleep.htm

Task 2

Fill in the gaps with the appropriate form of the word given at the end of each line.

Are you afraid of bats?

Bats are mysterious animals which many of us are afraid of. If you watch horror movies, you will often see bats circling around some dilapidated buildings and sucking people´s 1.BLEED as they lie sleeping in their beds. We become frightened as these scenes send chills up and down our spines. The human fear of bats is 2.RATIONAL for several reasons. First, we have very little knowledge about these small creatures. Second, what we know about them is based on myths and stereotypes. There are about 1,000 bat species in the world which vary in size and shape. The largest bats are 40cm long, while the smallest ones measure only 30mm and 3.WEIGHT 2g. Bats live in a variety of places, for example, in caves, in trees, in barns and in the attics and cellars of old houses. Bats are nocturnal animals. They are 4.ACT at night when they leave their shelters to find some food. Most of them 5.CONSUMER insects, fruit and flower nectar. Only a few kinds of bats 6.FOOD from the blood of birds and mammals. All bats living in Slovakia eat insects. Therefore, they are 7.HARM for people. But one must always be careful when handling a dead bat because bats may spread diseases as do other wild animals. In Asia and Africa bats also 8.PERFORMANCE a crucial role in the ecological system since they pollinate flowers which depend on them. Bats deserve 9.PROTECT not only because of their important role in pollination and insect pest control, but also due to the fact that some bat species face 10.EXTINCT.

Adapted from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bat
https://www.infoplease.com/spotlight-bats

Task 3

Read the text below and fill in the gaps (1 – 10) with one suitable word that has some grammatical function.

Life is a change

Michael Smith has been working as a sales manager for a big international company since he graduated from the London School of Economics in 1999. He speaks French, German, Russian and Spanish fluently. Michael 1. born and brought up in Paris. His mother is French and his father comes from Dublin. They met in France while they 2. studying law at the Sorbonne. They got married and moved to Lyon where they founded a law firm. They 3. been running their own firm for fifteen years before they moved to London. Michael’s parents were quite well-off and he being 4. only child was given the best education available. He also had many 5. opportunities for learning. His family spent a lot of time travelling. When Michael became a university student, he continued travelling. He 6. been to more than thirty countries so far. If he had not travelled so much in the past, he would not 7. learnt so many languages, and he would not work as a sales manager now. He is in charge of sales operations across Eastern Europe. The company he works for 8. based in Budapest, but last week Michael’s boss told him that they 9. move to Warsaw soon. Michael was very sad when he heard the news since he had 10. accustomed to living in the capital of Hungary.